Dolphin doesn't have any texture cache that gets stored to disk. Maybe you mean the shader cache, but regardless, I don't think clearing it will help with this.
The problem looks like a known AMD GPU driver bug. I think there are older versions of the GPU driver that work, and also older versions of Dolphin that work even though the GPU driver has the bug, but I don't remember exactly.
The problem looks like a known AMD GPU driver bug. I think there are older versions of the GPU driver that work, and also older versions of Dolphin that work even though the GPU driver has the bug, but I don't remember exactly.