I had a similar problem with Retroarch. Whenever I tried to open it nothing happened. It turned out my anti-virus software, Avast, was blocking it. As soon as I uninstalled it, Retroarch started. Try disabling your anti-virus and see if Dolphin opens.
PC Specs: Pentium G3258 (stock speed), MSI Radeon R7 360 2GB GDDR5 OC, 8GB DDR3, Windows 7
